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1109 Player Piano Makes & Makers
(Updated December 18, 2023)
A thru C        D thru J        K thru P        Q thru Z
The Player Actions that They Used
(Listing of 111 Known Player Actions)

Non-US Made Instruments - Click Here!
Very Interesting Instruments - Click Here!

Next to each piano name is one or more numbers. Each number represents a different Player Piano Action. Clicking on the number will take you to a 'Systems' page which may have a short description of that action along with pictures or drawings (if available). Compare what is described in the page against the player action in your piano. Every 'Systems' page has a link to the applicable Service Manual or Technical Reprint, if one is available.

In many cases, companies used different player actions in different models and/or at different times during the heyday of the player piano. If you have tried all of the selections that are offered here, and you still can't find a match, I'd like to know. The completeness and accuracy of this listing depends in part on you. As new information becomes known, the list is immediately updated. If it's not in this list, please write to: John A Tuttle

For historical information about a piano company, please visit the Blue Book of Pianos website. For another source of historical information, visit the Howe Collection, Piano Series webpage. An online listings of piano serial numbers/ages can be seen at "Bluebook of Pianos".

Disclaimer: This listing is only as accurate as the information that has been provided by numerous sources. It is not possible to verify all of the information. However, if you are positive that something in the listing is in error, please bring it to my attention and it will be corrected.

A thru C

Abel - 1
Ackerman & Lowe - 2, 3, 6
Acoustigrande - 7
Acrosonic - (unknown - possibly Baldwin)
Adams, C.C. - 1
Adek - (unknown)
Adler - 3, 21
AEolian - 5
AEriola - 5, 26
Aerotone - (unknown)
Ahlstrom - 60, 69
Ainsworth - 11
Albert - 1
Albrecht - 2, 7
Alden - 15
Aldrich - 2, 5
Alexander - 1, 4
Allen. Geo. - 11
Allen & Co. - 1
American - 32, 7
American Player Piano Co. - 3
Amherst - 27, 9
Anderson, C. - 101
Anderson, F.P., & Co.- 1, 4, 13
Anderson, William - 2
Andrus & Co. - 28
Anguera Piano Co. - 1, 69
Antpusat - 9
Apollo - 20, 3
Apollophone - 20, 3 (stack)
Archer - 3
Arion - 1, 19, See also Estey
Arlington - 3
Armand - (unknown)
Armstrong - 1, 5, 2 (early)
Art Electric - 1
Artemis - (unknown) MFG by Steger or Singer
Artistano - 41
Artistone - 1, 9
Artistyle - 1, 22
Arthur - 11
Artola - 17
Artolian - 4
Artonian - 7
Artronome - 18
Aschenbach - 4
Ashton - 4
Aster - General Player Action
Astor - 1, 101
Auburn - 2, possibly Cable
Austin Piano Co. - 1
Auto-Art - 1
Autoleon - (unknown)
Auto Lyric - 16
Automatic - (maybe Seeburg)
Auto-Melodist - (unknown)
Autoplayer (London) - 7
Auto-Player - 2, 19
Auto-Pneumatic Action Co. - 1
Autograph - 1
Autokrat - 1
Autola - 7
Autopiano - 1, 9
Autotheme - 9
Autotone - 23
Bach - 7
Bachman - 1
Bacon, Francis - 1
Bahnsen - 3
Bahnson - 3
Bailey - 32
Baker Piano Co. - 38
Baldwin - 10
Baldwin (mod.) - 52
Barklay - 5
Barnes & Son - 31
Barret & Robinson - (unknown)
Barthel & Duesenberg (St. Louis)- 8?
Bassett Bros. - 1
Bates, Walter, J. - 1
Bauer, Julius - 9
Bauer & Stultz - 1
Baumeister - 3
Baus - 1, 25
Bay, H.C. - 4
Bayer - Made by Koth-Bayer, 1, 9
Beale - (Australian) - 3, 27
Becker Bros. - 1, 3, 7, 9, 6
Beckerman - 1
Beckman - 5, 11, 4
Beckwith - 1, 2, 13, 15, 21, 26, 103
Behning - 1, 37
Behr Bros. - 1, 34
Belford - 4
Bell & Co. - 10
Bellak - 9, 2
Bellaire - 15
Bellman - 4
Belmore - 4
Bennett-Bretz - 1, 2
Bennett - 3
Bennington - 1, 3, 7
Benson (Special) - 13
Bent, Geo. P. - 1
Berkshire - 2
Berman - 6
Biddle Piano Co. - 1
Billings - 1
Birns, Saul - 1
Bishop - 3, 2
Bjur Bros. - 1, 32, 7
Blackstone - 1, 26
Blake, Chas. D. - 2, 1
Blasius & Son - 7
Bloomingdale Bros. - 4
Bluthner - 58
Boardman & Gray - 1
Boas - 1
Boettcher, A.H. - 6
Bogart Piano Co. - 1, 19
Boggs & Buhl. - 1, w/Simplex AM
Boiler. P.J. - 2
Bohemian - 2
Bollermann & Sons - (see info)
Bond - 1, 27, 9, 15
Borkoski - (unknown)
Botefur - 11
Boudoir - 3
Bourne, Wm & Son - 3
Bowen - 25, 2,1, maybe 27
Bradbury - 1
Bradford - 11
Bradley - 2
Brahms - 1
Brambach - 1, 9
Braums - 4
Braumuller - 1, 3
Brent - 2
Brentwood - 5?
Breslin - (unknown)
Brewster - 1, 3
Briggs - 2, 25, 43
Brimmead & Son - Unknown
Brinkerhoff - 11
Bristol - 7
Brooks-Evans - (by Haddorff) 3
Browning - 3
Bruce - 11
Brunton - (unknown)
Bungalow - 1, 2
Burgess Bros. - 1
Burdett - 1
Burgess Bros. - 1
Burmeister - 7
Burton - 33, 35
Bush & Gerts - 1, 3, 6, 7, 9, 27, 2
Bush & Lane - 1, 40, 9, 39, 106
Butler Bros. - 1, 2, 4
Byron & Mauzy - 9
Cabaret (Aeolian mod.) - 56
Cable, Fayette S. - 2, 1, 7, 15
Cable, Hobart M. - 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 15, 26, 88
Cable & Sons - 1, 15, 7
Cable Co. - 12
Cable-Nelson - 1, 2, 3
Cadillac Auto Player - 39, or 40
Cadwell, R.W. - 3
Caldwell - 1, 17 (maybe), 4
Cambridge - 1, 26, 30
Cameo - 1
Cameo (mod.) - 52
Cameron - 1
Camp & Co. - 2
Campbell, J. C. - 1
Canada (brand name) - Candler - 1, 2
Capen - 3, 26, 9
Carleton - 16
Carlisle - 1, others do exist
Carlton - (unknown)
Carola Inner Player - 12
Carter - 1
Casablanca (mod.) - 52
Casino - (Wurlitzer) 52
Celeste - 1
Challen - Angelus - 22
Challen - Rusola - 27
Chandler - 1, 2, 27
Channing - 15
Charleton - 10
Chase, A. B. - 1, 3, 41, 9
Chase Bros. - 2, 9
Chase & Baker - 1, 18
Chase & Gertz - 1
Chase Hackley - 27, 1, 3
Chase & Gertz - 1
Chauncey - 5
Cheney, A.C. - unknown (see Schmoller & Mueller)
Chester - 7, 4, 1
Chesterfield - 18
Chickering & Son - 1, 22
Chickering Bros. - 6, 7
Chilton-AEriola - 5
Chippendale - 1
Chopin - 1
Choral - 13
Christie - 1
Christman - 1, 29
Church, John - 92, 1, 42
Churchill & Co - (unknown)
Chute & Butler - 1, 2
Clarendon - 3, 7, 47, 1
Claritone - 3
Clark - 1, 4
Clark, Melville - 20, 11
Classic - 52
Clavilude - 26
Claxton - 6 (manual tracking)
Clayton - 15
Cleremont - 3
Clinton - 7
Clough & Warren - 1
Coinola - (made own action)
Colby - (unknown)(described)
Coleman - 4
Collins-Decker - 2
Colonial - 1
Columbia - 3
Columbus - 3
Commodore - 1
Concertone - 1
Concord - 1, 26
Concordia - 1
Conn - 89
Conover - 12
Conrad - 1, 2
Conreid - 1, 26, 4
Continental - 3, 1
Convertola - 3
Conway - 2, 1
Cook - 1
Coolidge - 1, 2
Copley - 30
Cornado - 13
Cornish - 2
Cote - 2
Craig Piano Co. - 1
Craighead - 32
Cramer - 1, 3, Higel (possible)
Crane, W. T. - 1
Crawford - 38, 26
Cremona - (made own action)
Crest - 19
Crippen - 2
Cromwell - 1, 19
Crown - 1, 26, 15
Cumberland - 13, 4
Cunningham - 1, 9
Curtice - 1, 2, 7
Curtis - 2


D thru J

Dagmar - (unknown)
Dardanella - 15
Darnell & Thomas - 18
Davenport & Treacy - 1
Davies & Son - 1, 19, 7
Davis & Son - 1, 13, 19, 11
Daynes-Beebe - 3
Dayton - 42, 27, 16
DeCarlo Bros. (NYC) -unknown (possibly Recordo)
Decker & Son - 1, 6 (early)
Deckert - (unknown)
Dekalb - 17
De Koven - made by Cable
Dekoven - 8, 11, 4
Delmar - unknown
Denniston - unknown (maybe Artistone)
Dennyson - 14
Derby (Toronto) - 27
Derivas & Harris - 1, 2
Detmer, Henry - 3
Dewitt - 7
Diacrown - 6
Doherty - (Canadian) - (Unknown)
Doll, Jacob - 1, 25
Doll & Son - 25, 1, 2
Dominion - Canada - Odeola-Pleyel
Doylemarx - 67
Doymarx - 26
Drachman - 4, 6
Drake (UK) - 27
Duchess - 19, 1
Dulcitone - 1, 2, 3
Dunbar - 8, 4
Dunham - 2, 7, 1
Dunker, D. & G. - 7
Durand - 3, 26
Duo/Art (Aeolian mod.) - 56
Duo-Concerto - 6
Duolectra - 6
Durham - 15, 5, 36
Durrell Piano Co. - 1
Dyer & Sons - 13, 5
Dynacord - 3
Eberhardt & Hays - 11
Ebersole - 4, 42, 1
Edward & Son - 14
Edwards Co. - 1
Eggemeyer - (unknown)
Eilers - 1
Elbridge - 28, 26
Elburn - 5
Elburton - 1
Electra - 1
Elepian - (unknown)-Made for QRS
Elgin - 1, 2, 7
Elite - 1
Ellar - 1
Ellington - 10
Ellison & Son - (unknown)
Ellsworth - 1, 13
Ellwood - 20, 17, 88
Eltom, R.N. - 1
Elwood - 3
Emerald - 1, 2, 3
Emerson - 1, 3, 9, 22
Empress - 3
Engelhardt, J & Sons - (unknown)
Ennis & Co. - 1, 86
Enterprise - 26
Entwerp - 1
Erhard - 4
Erion - 3
Ernest - 2
Estey Piano Co. - 1, 2
Estey - (modern) - 53, 89, 56
Euphona - 12
Euphonola - 3
Eureka - 2, 6
Evans - 3
Everard - 1
Everett - 42
Everhard - 1
Exceltone (Chase Hackley) - 1, 27, 3
Exner - 7, 15, 1
Faber - 1, 5, 25
Fairbanks - 1, 3, 4, 5, 11, 15, 16, 17, 25
Fairfleld - 1
Farber, P. F. - 1
Farnery - (possibly) 17
Farny (or Farney) - 17
Farrand - 1, 40, 39
Farrington - 1, 2
Farstone - 3
Faser - 11
Felder - 21
Fischer, J. & C. - 1, 3, 9, 27
Fitzgerald - 1
Fleischer & Co. - 3
Floyd Piano Co. - 14
Foley & Williams - 7
Forbes - 3
Forbes, E. E. - 1, 3
Forrest - 1
Foster & Co. - 1, 3(rare)
Foster-Armstrong Co. - 1
Francesca - 5
Francke - 9, 10
Franklin - 60 (Reproducing)
Frederick - 25, 23, 69, 1, 5
French, Jesse - 1, 2, 3, 69
Fuehr & Stemmer - 1
Fullerton - 11, 1
Gabel & Sons - (in research) - based in New York
Gabler - 1, 25
Gardner - 3
Garland - 1, 4
Gebhardt - 3
Gehr - 1
Gennett - 13
Gerard-Heintzman - action unknown
Gerhard - (unknown)
Gibbs - 14
Gilbert - 2
Gildmeister - 1
Gilmore - 1 , 7, 18
Gimbel Bros. - (see Ashton)
Girard - 1
Glaxton - 11
Goetz & Co. - 1
Goetzmann - 7
Gold Bell (Gross Piano) - 7, 19
Goldman, Eugene M - 1
Goldsmith - 4
Goldwyn - 1
Goosman - 2
Gordon & Son - 1, 7
Gorham - 2, 25
Gorrs & Kalemann (Berlin) - 9
Gounod - 15
Gourlay - 104
Gourley, Winter & Leeming, Ltd. - 1
Gram, Edmund - 11, 7
Grau, Otto - 6, 11, 1, 7
Graul, Wm. R - 2
Greenig - 1
Griffins - 12
Griffith - 1, 67
Griggs - 11
Gross De Luxe - 9 (Deluxe)
Gross, Geo. P. - 19, 18
Grinnell Bros. - 1, 5, 15, 18
Gulbransen - 6, 7
Gulbransen-Dickinson - 6
Grinnel Bros. - 1
Guth, Arthur E. - 9
Haddorff - 1, 3, 47
Haggerty Cook, Inc. - 1
Haines, W. P. - 1, 7, 22
Haines Bros. - 1, 7, 60
Hall, Myers F. - 1
Hall & Son - (unknown), also Recordo
Hallet & Davis - 2, 1, also 91
Hamlin - 2
Hamilton - 10, 4
Hammond - 1, 2, 7, 18
Hampton - 14
Hampton City - 11
Hanover - 2
Harding - 1, 2
Hardman - 23, 5
Hardman-Peck - 1, 23, Soloelle ?
Harmock - 16
Harmonola - 16
Harmonist - (unknown)
Harmony - 4
Harmotone - 4
Harrington - 23
Harris & Co. - 2
Harrison - 8, 2
Hart - 1
Hart, Junius - 8
Hartford - 4, (others used)
Hartzell - 3, 7
Harvard - 92, 1, 42
Harvey, C. C. - 1, 49, 93 (rare)
Harwood - 5
Hayea - 15
Haynes - 4
Haysey - 1
Hazelton Bros. - 1
Hazelwood - 2
Healy, Edw. B. - 6
Heide, August - (unknown)
Heine - 6 (early)
Heintzman, Gerhard - 27, (maybe Air-O-Player)?
Heinzman Piano Co. - 1
Heller - 28, 26, 38
Henderson - 4, 2, 15
Henkelman - 1, 2
Henning - 1, 7
Hensel - 23
Heppe, C. J., & Son - 5
Herbert - 1, 2, 30
Herbert, Henry - 27
Heritage (mod.) - 52
Herrick, G. D. - 11, 1
Heyser, E.B. - 1
Hilton & Hilton - (England?) -87?
Hiltonola - (England?) -87?
Hinze - 8
Hoffman - 1, 27, 13, Scott
Hoffmann - Chicago - 1, 7, 85, 95
Holland - 1 (rare), 2
Hollerbach - 4
Holmes & Sons - 1
Homer - 44
Hopkins, Chas. W. - (unknown)
Horras - 11
Hospe - 6, 11, 2
Howard - 10
Howard, R. S. - 3, 7, 1, 9, 104
Hubalek - (unknown), 1 (possible)
Hudson - 25
Hughes & Son - 1
Humana - 24
Humbolt - 13
Huntington - 1, 2, 49
Huyler - 2, 4
Ideal - 9
International - 3, 1, 9
Interiola - 1, 7
Invisible - 1
Irving - 11
Irvington - 14
Ivers & Pond - 9
Ivers & Pond (modern) - 56 (Aeolian mod.)
Iverson - 14
Jacob Bros. - 1, 9
Jacobson - 1
James & Holstrom - 1, 9
Jansen & Joosten - (unknown)
Janssen - 1, 9, 26
Jarrett - 15
Jefferson - 3
Jeffersonian - 1
Jewell - 38
Jewett - 2, 7, 5
John Ralph (London) - (Unknown)
Johnson, E. P. - 1, 2, 7
Johnson, H. G. - 2, 4, 13
Juelg, Harry H - 22(?)
Jules, Edouard - 5


K thru P

Kaiser, Adolf - 6
Karmann & Son - 6
Karn - (Canada) 27
Kasselman - 3
Kauffman - (unknown)
Keepsake (Aeolian mod.) - 56
Keller & Sons - 3, 26, also Recordo
Kelly - 2
Kelman - unknown (stencil player)
Kelso & Co. - 2
Kelsworth - 1, 2
Kenmore - 2, 1
Kennedy (Baltimore) - 1, 9
Kensington - 1, 11, 85
Kershner - 11
Kerzheim - 4, 11
Keystone - 1, 11
Kieselhorst - (Apollo) 20(?)
Kilbourne - 2
Kimball - 8
Kimball (modern) - 55
Kimberly - 25, 2
Kindler-Collins - 1
King. Arthur J. - 4
Kingsbury - 12
Kingsbury (mod.) - 56
Kingston - 2, 4, 17, 1, 3
Kirby - 2, 11
Kinston - (unknown)
Kirchman - 7
Kirchoff, L. - 1
Kirschner - 2
Kitt, Homer - 1
Kleekamp Bros. - 3
Klein - 1
Kline - 2, 7
Klomond & Nord - 5
Knabe - 1, 22, 3
Knapell - unknown - 9?
Knight-Brinkerhoff - 1
Knight-Campbell - 2, 3
Koch & Droge - 26
Kohler, Chas. - 9, 1, 7
Kohler & Campbell - 1, 3 (rare)
Kohler & Campbell (modern) - 53
Kohler & Chase - 88, 5
Kohlmann - 6 (?), A.C. Cheney action??
Koth-Bayer - Made Bayer and Metalnola Players
Krakauer Bros. - 1, 7, 3, 2
Kranich & Bach - 46
Krehling - 1
Kreiter - 1, 2, 7, (A.C. Cheney)
Kreiter, K. M. - 20
Krell - 1, 19
Kroeger - 1, 27
Kurtzheim - 2
Kurtzmann - 1, 7, 9, 41, 21, 5 (rare), 60 (rare), 102, 27
Lafayette - 1
Laffargue - 1, 3, 7
Lagonda - 1, 2, 3
Lakeside - 1, 2, 7, 7 (rare)
Lakewood - 25
Langdon - 1
Langelier - 27
Lansdowne - (Unknown)
Lansing - 2
LaRocca - 9
Lauter-Humana - 24
Laverne - 3
Lawson - 1, 9, 7
Lawton - 1, 2, 7, 9, 27
Leader (Toronto) - (unknown)
Lechner & Schoenberger - 13
Leckerling - 26, 15, 1
Lehr - 1, 15
Leins - 9
Leiter - 5
Leland - 3, 5, 15
Lemac - (made player system for 1960's K & C players)
Lenox - 24, 15, 26
Leonard - 1, 2, 9, 15
Leslie Bros. - 1, 13
Lessing - 1, 27
Lester - 1, 2, 9, 15
LeVine & Black - (unknown)
Levy-Page - (unknown) (mfg. by Straube)
Lexington - 2, 1 (rare)
Lichty, C.H. - 2
Limited (mod.) - 52
Lincoln - 1, 2, 13, 14, 15
Lincolnola - 3
Lindeman - 1, 3
Lindemann & Sons - 1, 3, 22, 7, 9
Lindenberg - 1, 3, 2
Lindsay - 27
Lingard - 1, 4
Link & Son - 2, 3
Livingston - 1, 4, 7, 2
Llewelyn - 24
Lockhart - 29
Lockwood - 2, 1
Lohmann - 1
Long, Frank - (unknown-maybe Schulz)
Lord & Co. - 1, 2, 14
Lorraine - 2
Loud, Robert L. - 1
Love, Malcom - 3, 4
Lowrey - (70's) - 56
Lucien - 25
Ludden & Bates - 18
Ludlow - 1, 3, 7
Ludwig - 1, 103
Lutetia - Popper
Luxonia - (unknown) 99
Lyon & Healy - 1, 3
Lyra - 11
Lyric - 4, 2
Macey & Camp - 4, 26
McCammon - (unknown)
McCausland, T.E. - 18, 2
McPhail - 1, 2
Madelon - 23
Madison - 7, 26, 1, 18, 2
Maher Bros - 11
Majestic - 3, 6
Malcom - 3
Mansfield - 1, 3, 7
Mallory - 2
Manualo - 10
Manville - 4
Marbro-Wagner - 1
Marcellus - 5
Marclay - 5
Maresh - (unknown)
Marks, Carl - 3
Marks, Montague - 1
Marlowe - 2
Marshall - 4
Marshall & Rose - 22 (?)
Marshall & Wendell - 1, 3, 2, 9
Marshall Piano Co. - 1, 2
Martin - 1
Marveola - 35, 1
Marville - 1
Marvin - 3 (?)
Mason - 2, 25, 1
Mason, Edw. P. - 1
Mason & Hamlin - (Welte Mignon Red/T100)
Mason & Risch - 44, 27
Master - 21, 28
MasterTone - 1
Mathushek - 1, 7, 9
Matthews - 1, 7
Mauzy, Byron - 9
Maxwell - 13
Maxwell - 13
Mayer Bros - 1
Maynard - 11
Maytona - 1
Mazi - 10
McClure & Cowles - 9 (Deluxe)
Mehlin & Sons - 1, 9, 3, 22
Meister - 2, 3
Melbion? - unknown (see Note 2)
Melbourne - 10, 11
Meldorf - 4
Melin-Winkel - early Gulbransen-Dickenson
Mellor, C. C. - 1, 5
Mellor & Hoene - (Unknown)
Mellotona - 7
Mellotone - 1, 7, 3
Melodigrand - 1, 27
Meloharp - 18
Melostrelle - 19
Melville/Clark - 20, 11
Mendelssohn - 1, 7, 27, 49, 2
Mendenhall - 1
Mercer - 1
Merriam - 17
Merrill - 2, 25, 26, 43
Mervyn - 11
Metalnola - Some made by Koth-Bayer
Metropolitan (Estey) - 13
Metz (made by Allied in NY) - 1
Meyer & Son - 17
Meyers - 11
Millbourne - 1
Miller, Henry F. - 33
Miller, O.E. - 1
Miller, S.W. - 2, 6
Milner - 17
Milton - 1, 9, 2
Minipiano - 23
Ministrelo - 1
Minum - 13
Mitchell - unknown
Modello - 10
Modeska - (by Janssen) - unknown
Monaghan - 1 (and maybe others)
Monarch - 10
Mono Player - 1
Monroe - (unknown)
Morel - 1
Morenus - (unknown)
Moore, David - (unknown)
Morrison - (unknown)
Morrissette - 9
Mozart - 4
Mueller & Bach - most likely 6, 2 (early version)
Mueller & Haines - 6
Murdoch, Murdoch, and Co - English (hybrid system) 02-26-2000
Musette (Aeolian mod.) - 56
Musicale - 1
Musselman, W.N. - (unknown)
National (modern) - 51
National Player Piano - 2
Needham - 1
Nelson, H. P. - 30, 15
Nelson-Crane (Chicago) - unknown
Nelson-Wiggin - 2
Netzow - 2, 6, 1, 15
Nevin - 1, 26
Newburn - 2
Newby & Evans - 1, 2, 3, 7, 6 (early)
Newcombe - 1
Newman & Sons - (Aristos - no info)
Newmyer - (unknown, maybe Autopiano)
Newton - 1
Nilson & Co. - 9
Noll - 11
Nordheimer - (Canada?) -87
Norland - 1, 2
Norman - 13
Normand - 1
Normandie - 1, (unknown)
Norris, Chas. - 1
Norris, Geo. B. - 2, 1, 22
Norris & Hyde - 2, 25, 43
Norwood - 3
Oakland - 2
Offenbach - (Sherman & Clay)1, 3, 5
Oktavek - 3
Old World (mod.) - 52
Oliver - 1, 2, 3
Opera - (Made by Jacob Bros., and Peek & Sons), 1
Orpheola - 1, 15
Orpheus - 3
Otto - made in NY?
Ouvrier Bros, NY (unknown)
Oxford (Bush & Lane) - (unknown)
Packard - 1, 2, 7, 9, 27
Pace, W.L. - (by Schultz)(Gulbransen - possible)
Painter & Ewing - 1
Paling, W.H. - 3
Palle, C - 13
Palmer-Phillips - 7
Parklyn - 3, 1
Parkman - 13
Paulus - 40
Peabody - 1
Pearlman - 1
Pearltone - 1
Pearson - 5
Pease - 1, 7, 27, 26
Peck & Hills - (unknown)
Peek & Son - 9
Peerless - (unknown)
Peffer - 1
Perry - 1
Perryola - 1
Peter Pan - 1
Petrof - (unknown) (digital?)
Phelps - 2
Philharmonic - 3
Phillips, H. L. - 2, 6
Pianista - 1, 9
Pianola (64-note) (Aeolian mod.) - 56
Pianotist (made by Adek)
Pickering - 2
Pioneer (Geo F Gross) - 7, 18
Piquett - 7
Piquette & Sons - 1
Play-a-Piano (Lawson) - 7
Playernola - 1
Playola - 2
Playotone - 23, 1
Playtona - 15, 5
Pleyel - (Autopleyela, French)
Plymouth - 31
Poole - 7, 9
Poppenberg Bros. - 1, 13
Porch Bros. - 1
Pratte, L.E.N. - (Canadian) unknown
Premier - 3, 9
Prescott - 72
Preston - 1
Price & Teeple - 1, 16, 6
Primatone - 1
Princeton - 2, 25
Pullman - 13, 1
Purcell - 4
Pureatone - 6, 13
Puritan - 4
Putnam - 1, 26, 27


R thru Z

Radcliffe - 2, 1
Radle - 9, 1, 3, 7
Randle, F. - (unknown)
Raper, John - 27
Raudenbush & Sons - 1
Raymond - 1
Reed & Sons - 19
Regal - 1
Regent - 7, 15, 1, 2
Regina - 2
Reichardt - 1, 2, 6
Reifsnyder - 26
Reinhard & Co. - 7, 26
Reinhardt - 28
Rembrandt - 16
Remington - 13, 5
Repro-Phraso - 14
Retoplay - 13
Rex - (unknown)
Ricca & Son - 1 (also made own), 7
Rice & Wuest Co. - 7
Richardson - 1, 4, 2
Richmond - 13
Roemer Bros. - 4
Rogers, George - 9, 5
Ross, Charles - 11
Roth Bros. - 27
Roth Piano Co. - 1
Rothschild - 2, 3
Royal - 19
Rudolf - 26, 28
Rushworth & Dreaper - 1
Rusola - 27
Russell & Russell - (unknown)
Rythmodik - 1
Saint Saens - (unknown)
St. Regis - 10
Salyer & Salyer - 3
Sames - 7
Sanders & Stayman - 2, 5
Sanford - 1, 3
Sargeant - 10
Sattler - 9
Schaeffer - 16, 13
Schaeffer (modern) - 56, 51
Schafer & Sons - 71, 56
Schaaf, Adam - 2, 3, 22, 1, 5, 7
Schaff Bros. - 1, 2, 3, 9, 7, 15, 98
Schencke - 1
Scherpe, B. & Co. - 6 (Fluid air motor)
Schiller - 1, 6 7 97
Schilling - 15, 1
Schindler & Son - 1
Schirmer - 2, 4
Schleicher & Sons - 1, 72, 9 (Deluxe), (also Recordo)
Schmidt & Schultz - 4
Schmidt-Dauber - 1, 7, 9
Schmoller & Mueller - 4, 5, 11, 13, 2, 21
Schoeneberg & Rahn - 11
Schofield - unknown
Schomacker - 22
Schrimer - 4
Schriver - 11
Schroeder, H. - 10
Schroeder Bros. - 19, 1
Schubert - 36, 5, 1, 99
Schuler - 1, 29
Schultz - 7
Schulz, M. - 11
Schumann - 31, 1
Schutte Bros. - 1
Seaverns - 3
Seeburg - (made own action), 7 (rare)
Seeger, H.A. (action not known... yet) Segerstrom - 2
Selmer - 3
Settergren - 4
Seybold - 1, 7, 2
Shattinger - 25
Shattuck - 1
Shaw - 1, 3, 27
Shearer - 4, 1, 103
Shearington - 27
Sheldon - 7
Sherlock-Manning - 27
Sherman, Clay & Co. - 3, 5
Sherwood - 3
Shoninger - 1, 2, 3, 7
Shorewood - 2
Shutes - 3
Siegling - 5, Themodist
Sigler, C.M. - 1
Simplex - 2
Singer - 19
Simonek - (unknown - 08-07-02)
Siragusa - 9, 1
Smith, A.B. - 1
Smith & Barnes - 1, 7
Smith & Nixon - 4, General, Smith-Nixon
Smith Piano Co. - 1
Sohmer - 9, 39, 3
Sohward - 37
Solar - 11
Solo Concerto - 4
Soloist - 1
Solostyle - 1
Solotone - 2, 3
Soninger - (unknown)
Sorinola - 1
Spencer - (unknown)
Spector - (unknown)
Sprinkler - (unknown action)
Standard - 1, 23
Standard Pneu. Action Co. - 1
Standie & Son - (unknown)
Stanley, Frank (Toronto) - 27
Stanley & Sons - 30, 26
Stannard - 1 (Themodist)
Starck, P. A. - 1, 2, 4, 11
Starr - 9, 13, 19
Steck, Geo. - 5
Steger - 19, 7, 1, 108
Steiff - 1, 9
Stein, Charles F. - 9
Steinbach - 11
Steinbach & Dreher - 44
Steinhauer - (unknown)
Steiner - 1
Steinert - 2
Steinman & Son - 2
Steinmetz - 7
Steinmeyer - 1
Steinway & Sons - 5
Stella - (?)
Stems, Grandiola - 9
Stelzner - 26
Stendell - 4
Sterling - 1, 9, 49, 69, 9 (Deluxe)
Sterlitone - 49
Sting (Aeolian mod.) - 56
Sting II (Aeolian mod.) - 56
Stirling - unknown
Stodart - 1, 2, 25
Stone - 5
Story & Clark - 14, 48
Strad - 1, 17, 2, 82
Stratford - 1, 101
Strathmore - 2
Stratton - 2
Straube - 1, 18, 7, 5, Company Info
Strauch Bros. - 26, (also see Mallory)
Strauss - 4
Street, Claude P. - 2
Strich & Zeidler - 9
Stroehlein - 1
Strohber - 1, 6, 7
Stroud - 5
Stuart - 1
Studeberg - (Unknown) possibly Standard Pneumatic Action Co
Stultz & Bauer - 1, 3
Stultz & Co. - 32, 1
Stuyvesant - 5, 7
Supremacy - (unknown)
Sweetland - 2
Symfonia - 10
Symphonia - 1
Symphonola - 16
Symphony - 1
Symphotone - 9
Taber - 1
Technola - 5
Tehge - 1
Temple - 2, 3
Tennyson - 14
Thayer - 32
Thiebes - 3
Thiery - (Unknown)
Thomas, Frank - (Unknown)
Thompson - 19
Tiffany - 1
Tillinghast - 5
Todd, Berthold B. - 1
Tonarch - 12
Tonk, Wm., & Bros. - 1
Trayser - 13
Triumph - 9
Troubadour - 2, 3, 1
Troup - 3 (early)
Trowbridge - 10, and other unknown
Tryber - (unknown)
Turner (by Packard) 1
Tusch-Rymer - 11
Twitchell - 1, 7
Tyier - 14
Underwood - 25
Underwood & Sons - 2
Universal - 3, 2
Universal (modern) - 51
Upham (H.W.) & Sons - Unknown
Valentine - 7, 11
Vanguard - 3
Verdi & Rossini - 9
Vernon - 7
Victor - 3, 9, 40
Victoria - 25
Victorian (mod.) - 52
Vincent, Howard - 2, 1, 9
Vingard - (maybe) 32
Violagrand - 1
Virtuola - 2
Virtuolo - (unknown)
Voc-O-Tone - 26
Vollmer - 4, Rare H.C. Bay
Vose & Sons - 45, 1
Vossler - 2, 7
Vough - 4
Wade, Bryant E. - 2
Wadsworth - 3
Wagner - 11, 27
Waldemar - 1, 2
Waldorf - 1, 101
Walters - 1, 4, 26, 2
Waltham - 1, 2, 6, 7, 26, 3, 39, 9, 15
Walworth - 11
Warde, C. C. - 3
Wardell - 3, 4
Warfield - 2, 1, 26, 4 (rare), 6
Warren - 1
Washburn - 3, 7, 1 (rare), 88
Wason - 4
Wassermann - 9, 38, 26, 2
Waterloo - 4
Waterman - 1, 7
Waters, Horace - 7, 1
Waud - 1
Waverly - 2
Wayne - 1
Weaver - 1, 3
Weaver. P. C. - 1, 7, 2
Webber - 27
Weber - 1, 5, 7, 67, Recordo?
Webster - 1, 7
Wegman - 1, 4, 15, 3
Wegner - 1, 2
Weiler - 30
Weiser & Son - 1, 6, 66, or 69 - maybe Recordo
Weiss - 13
Wellesley & Paine - 14
Wellington - 12, 4
Wellsmore - 1, 2, 25
Wendland - 37
Wentworth - 2, 25, 43
Werlein - 1, 5, may be others
Werner - 11
Weser Bros. - 1, 35, 2
Wessell - 1
Wesley - unknown
Western Electric (see Cremona or Seeburg)
Weydig - 1, 2
Wheelock - 5
White - 22
Whitmore - 7
Whitman Piano Co. - 1, 2
Whitney - 6, 8, 2, plus other unknown
Whittier - 7, 48, 1
Widdifield - 1, 3
Wick,P.S. - 1, 9, 88
Wilbur - 1
Wilcox & White - 22
Wildredth - 2
Wilfred - 111
Willard - 1, 7
Williams & Sons - 9 (Deluxe)
Williams, R.S. - 27
Willis & Co. - 27, 1, 9
Wilson - 4, 2, 1
Wilson & Sons - (unknown)
Windsor - 2, 7, 4
Winfield - 1
Wing & Son - 1, 7
Winkler - 7
Winkler-Henning - 1
Winter - 26, 56
Winter & Co. - 28, 26
Winterroth & Co. - (unknown)
Winthrop - 2
Winton - 10
Wise, Clark - (unknown)
Wissner, Otto - 1, 15, 26
Wissner & Sons - 7, 26
Witney - 42
Wondertone - 3
Wood & Son - 19
Woodard - (unknown)
Woodbury - 2, 7
Woodmansee - 1, 3
Woodward - 18, 1, 2, 7
Worthington - 29
Woods - 19
Wooster - (unknown)
Wright & Sons - 48
Wuertz, 0. W. - 1
Wurlitzer - 1, 3, 4-in-1 metal block valve (rare)
Wurlitzer (modern) - 57
Wurlitzer (Casino) - 52
York - 1, 2, 7
Young & Sons - 1
Zellman - 26
Zellner - 3
Zenkers & Schultz - 27
Zephyr - 4
Zimmerman - 13
.


112 Known Player Actions
Click on the NAME to find Identifying Characteristics of that Action
Also try the new Player Piano Actions 'described' section.
'Modern' player systems are those made after 1950.

1. STANDARD, (described)
2. SIMPLEX, (described)
3. AMPHION, (described)
4. H.C. BAY
5. AEOLIAN, (described)
6. GULBRANSEN, (described)
7. PRATT-READ, (described)
8. KIMBALL, (described)
9. AUTOPIANO (Auto Pneumatic Action Co), (See Note), (described)
10. BALDWIN, (described)
11. SCHULZ, (described)
12. CABLE CO., (described)
13. STARR
14. STORY & CLARK
15. LESTER
16. PRICE & TEEPLE, (described)
17. WURLITZER
18. STRAUBE
19. ARTEMIS (KRELL), also see: Steger (described)
20. MELVILLE CLARK, (described)
21. BECKWITH
22. ANGELUS, (described)
23. HARDMAN (AUTOTONE, PLAYOTONE), (described)
24. LAUTER, ('early'- described)
25. JACOB DOLL, (described)
26. STRAUCH BROS.
27. OTTO HIGEL
28. WINTER & CO., (described)
29. CHRISTMAN
30. H. P. NELSON
31. SCHUMANN, (described)
32. BJUR BROS.
33. HENRY F. MILLER, (described)
34. BEHR BROS., (described)
35. WESER BROS., (described)
36. SCHUBERT
37. BEHNING, (described)
38. MASTER ACTION
39. FARRAND (CECILIAN), (described)
40. BUSH & LANE (CECILIAN)
41. A. B. CHASE (Artistano), (described)
42. KRELL
43. NATIONAL AIR-O-PLAYER, (described)
44. MASON & RISCH
45. VOSE, (described)
46. KRANICH & BACH, (described)
47. AMERICAN PLAYER ACTION, (described)
48. WRIGHT & SONS CO.
49. STERLING, (described)(See also 93)
50. PEERLESS, (described)
51. UNIVERSAL (Modern)
52. CLASSIC (MOD.)
53. KOHLER & CAMPBELL (Modern)
54. STORY & CLARK (Modern)
55. KIMBALL (MOD.)
56. AEOLIAN 64 & 88 Note (Modern)
56. STANDARD PNEUMATIC ACTION (Modern)
57. WURLITZER (Modern)
58. KONTROLLIOLE (German)
59. LOWERY (in work)
60. AMPICO (Reproducing)
61. APPA (Automatic Player Piano Actions, small-time successors to Aeolian's UK operation in the 1930s)
62. SOLO-CAROLA, (described), (made by Bluethner, UK, in the early 1930s)
63. CLAVIOLA - see Phonola
64. EASTONOLA
65. HUPFELD
66. WELTE-MIGNON (Original - Reproducing), (described)
67. DUO-ART (Reproducing or Pianola)
68. PHONOLA
69. WELTE-MIGNON (Licensee - Reproducing), (described)
70. PISTONOLA
71. SCHAFER & SONS
72. A.C. CHENEY
73. Berry-Wood (described)
74. Christman (described)
75. Electrelle (described)
76. Marquette (described)
77. Seeburg (described)
78. Steger (described)
79. Tel-Electric (described)
80.Chassaigne (described)
81.Eastonola Minor (described by Stephen K Goodman)
82. Smith & Nixon (spoolbox picture)
83. Elepian -from QRS
84. Conn Player System (no information)
85. Scott Player Action Co., Racine Wis. (no information)
86. ENNIS
87. ODEOLA/PLEYEL
- no technical information
88. RECORDO
89. JANSSEN (modern)
90. CLARENDON -made by Haddorff - No information at this time
91. VIRTUOLO (no information) Established by Hallet & Davis, Boston
92. JOHN CHURCH Action and Patents
93. HARDMAN PECK & Co. Pictures and Patents
94. ANGELUS/AMPHION Diagrams and Pictures
95. LINCOLN PLAYER ACTION - no information available (could be Standard)
96. J.P. Rogers Pictures and Patent
97. SCHILLER Diagrams/Old Papers
98. SIGLER PLAYER ACTION CO. (doing research as of 11/14/2018)
99. AMPLEX in a Lexonia player, Pictures
100. Supreme Player Action - Patent issued Nov. 22,1927 -click here
101. General Player Action Co., Inc. -Nameplate picture - click here, Spoolbox picture - click here
102. Metalnola by Otto Higel
103. Ludwig & Co. (See Action Pix)
104. PALESTRINA (See Pictures and Patent)
105. WASLE UNIQUE PLAYER ACTION
106. UNITYPE PLAYER ACTION
107. Chase & Baker (no data yet)
108. Steger & Sons
109. Technola (by AEolian)
110. Popper (French)
111. Wilfred)
112. Adapto - from Lindenberg Piano Co.

*Note: Very similar to Standard - had both two and four hole tracking
*Note 2: Uses 'in-the-trackerbar' finger tracking. No information in the Pierce Piano Atlas about the company. Made in Buffalo, NY. (see pictures 1 & 2)

About 60 percent of the information presented on this web page and the accompanying web pages is only here because of the generosity of Durrell Armstrong, the deceased owner of the Player Piano Co. in Wichita, KS., whose 1983 catalog contained a similar listing. Numerous additions courtesy of David Oppenheim. Do not duplicate or otherwise use this information for professional or business purposes without the express permission of John A. Tuttle (732) 840-8787.

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This page was created on August 21, 2000, and it will be updated as new information becomes available. Last Update On: December 18, 2023.

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